Fastener device



R. w. HENNING rAL 2,968,811

Jap, 24, 1961 FASTENER DEVICE 2 sheets-sheet 1 Filed Jan. 21, 1955INVENTORS.' ROBERT W. HENNING ROGER MARSH om Nm wom @m o mw vmww=lzlll|| i. l [la M SMM .lilfilllilf /Jrlllrzvh x a ATTORNE' Jan. 24,y1961 R. w. HENNING ETAL v 2,968,811

FASTENER DEVICE Filed Jan. 21, 1955 v 2 sheets-sheet 2 UWE@ ATTORNEYEASTENER DEVICE Robert W. Henning, VRocky River, .and` Roger Marsh,Hudson, Ohio,. assignors, `by .mesne assignments, to @lin Mathiesonl.ChemicalflCorporation, a corporation of-Virginia Filed ran. zi, 195s,ser. No. 483,202

`6 claims. (cl. `1-105) This invention relates to improvements-.in afastener driving tool and more speciiicallyzto a tool of.the..exp1o sivepowder actuated type.

This invention relates to a type of toolhavinga barrel telescopically orreciprocatably carried inra separable housing which may be split openfor. reloading between a front housing portion which carriesthe barrelassembly anda rear housing portion which carries the actuating Y Forconvenience of reference to thetool shownlin Serial No, 355,034the samereference charactersare used .to designate identical or analogous parts.

One object of this invention is to worka distribution of the recoilshock forces-inexplosivev operated stud driving tools when they are usedwith relatively high powder charges and with studs of relatively largelcaliber in heavy duty operation where recoil forces .of yhigh magnitudeare met. Such forces in heavy duty operation toolsarelikely to betransmitted in such a wayas to result inttool breakage and unsafeoperation. advantages of the invention.will.bemoreclearlyunderstood-fromthe-following.,description of thisinvention and the yaccompanying drawings .which illustrates .a typicalpreferred embodiment of theimprovedtool. Figure-1 This andother..objects :and i? of the drawing is a crosssectional longitudinalview -of 'f a preferred tool embodimentwith the vmuzzle of the barrel 22shown pressed against thework piece or supporting object 25 and with thetoclhousing or casingpressed toward the work at. which position the toolmay be said to be in the ready-to-reposition. Figure 2 is a transversecross-sectional view taken. on line II-II ofA Figure i, omitting the.cartridge case. Figure 3 isa fragmentary partly cross-sectional viewItakencn lineIII-Hliof Figure-.2 toy illustrate the extractor mechanism`employed and Y vier/- through thezbarrel receiver assembiywith thevrear portion pivotally separated. from-.the front or barrel section.Figure 7 is a transverse.cross-sectional View taken on line VII- YH ofFigure 6. C

Ingeneral, it is proposed toprovidepthe-tool withnovel wsstruction .for,transmitting-.the .reesiliors advanta- Patented Jan. 24, 196i geously.Specifically a recoilcollariS Provided on .the barrel and preferablymountedadjustably as by being threaded onto the barrel. The tool has abarrel receiver and a breech block receiver and these members aredetachably interlocked as are the barrel and breech block. The barrel isslidably secured in the-barrel receiver at the front portion of the toolrandthe breech block is slidably secured in the breech block receiver atthe rear section of the tool. As the muzzle of thebarrel is pressedagainst the work surface the barrel receiver is telescoped forwardlywith respect to said barrel until the collar engages the barrel stopwhich is fixed to the barrel receiver. The relative position of thebreech block which is interlocked with the barrel in the-operativeposition, also is changed with respectto the-advanced receiver. When thetool is initially assembled, the collar, which is threadably adjustableon the barrel is adjusted sothat it engages the barrel stop. A setgscrewin the collar is then tightened against the barrel to lock thetcollar inits adjusted position. Hence, when the gun is tired, the recoilistransmitted. directly to the. barrel receiver rather than beingtransmitted circuitously fromthebarrel and the breech block to thebreech block receiver and then through thebarrel receiver and breechblock Areceiver interlocking means to the barrel receiver.

The tool as shown in Figures 1 and 6 of the drawing consists of a pistolgrip or other suitable handle 20 at the rear carried fast on a rearhousingtl, `a barrel 22 housed largely in an outer rfront housing tube54 which in turn is carried on an outertube ycollar 51 connectable withthe rear housing Sii. Tube collar 51 engages threadedly with theinterior ofthe outer front-housingtube 54. Extending from the rear endof collar lSkal-id integral therewith is a bayonet type of connectionlofvthe:interrupted type consisting of circumierentiallygspacedlugslbextending for example,` radially-outwardlytso as tobe adaptable forengagement with a corresponding set of lugs 63 spacedcircumferentialiyand extending radially inwardlyL as a part of the frontportion oft-heiiring mechanism-or rear housing 3G as shown in detailinzFigures 4 and 5. The-barrel Z2 is adapted for separable `er1gagement.with a breech block 37 which is providedY with a tiringpincriiice 37a. Breech block-37 is provided `withan-interrupted femalethread 37t for releasable eng-agement with a male interrupted thread 22tformed about the .breech of barrel 22. This arrangement .provides a.closure admitting o-f easy opening and closing withv respect to thebreech of the barrel at which an-explosivepower cartridge 23a is seatedfor driving the fastener 2312.f0n ejection from themuzzle of the barrel22 To preventthebarrel ZZafter it has been inserted ylongitudinallyintov the breech block or-lock from being turned into boltedrpositio-n,there is provided a lip or projection fiiiion-the vbarrel out-of `pitch.with the group of threads 2 2; lwith-'which it is associated-(Figures 3and 6).l Unless the-barrel has .been inserted-tothe required fulldepthat whichy it abutsr the base -of ,-the recess in block v37, the lip40.03will-not register with any clearance ,which permits lrotation tothelockedposition.

For the extractionv of the cartridge 23a thebreech of the barrel is cutawaydat 5.00 and block V37 has an `extractor ringer 5M associated withan extractorspring 5Min accordance with aforementioned Serial; No.423,650.

Mounted circumferentially about the .barrel 221is a barrel stopyor.collar .Sitfwhich-is fixed in proper position ori-barrel Zsothatwithrespect tocollar 300 there can be reciprocation telescopically of.the inner `barrel tube 3M and withrespect to thebarrel`l22-lasthepparts--telescope in operation. Innerbarreltube 301 is carriedcoaxia-lly within the front housing tube 545.0. as to be disposed inabutment withthestop portionv orrfrontof outer tube collar 51. Ineffect` tubeftil.v is an extension ofcollar Siwith additional clearancebetween it and the barrel for longitudinal passage of recoil collar 300.Tube 301 is also abuttable with respect to a pair of split annular,D-shaped gripper members 80 which serve as a lock or latch under theimpetus of an annular C21-shape spring 81 biasing members 80 inwardly toengage in the groove 22e on the periphery of the barrel. Members 80 havea conical female surface which coact with the corresponding male surfaceof barrel lock release 82 which in turn is acted upon by a barrel spring26 which under compression acts to normally keep the shield tube 70 andthe shield 24 carried on tube 70 extended forwardly with respect to thefront housing 54. In the event the safety member having a shield 24 isremoved from the tool, spring 26 no longer acts on release 82 and spring81 is free to force members 80 into the circumferential groove 22e andthus prevent the relative movement between the housing and barrelnecessary for operation of the tool.

The handle or grip is mounted on the cup shaped rear housing 30 thefront portion of which includes the connection means which protrudeforwardly from the handle 20. Mounted for rotatable movement through alimited arc with respect to rear housing 30 is a mounting ring 58 havinga pair of slotted ears, which in turn are adapted to pivot about aconnecting pin 61 and to also have limited longitudinal motion withrespect to pin 61 which in turn is mounted fixedly with respect to thefront housing tube S4 and its outer tube collar 51. This arrangementpermits the rear housing and its assembly of parts, which includes thecooking pin 40 carried on the breech block which takes the form of block37, the spring biased firing pin 34, the firing pin pawl 42, the trigger46 and also the breech block return spring 38, to be separable as asingle captive unit from the front housing and its assembled members.

The barrel stop or collar 300 is mounted in a certain position on thebarrel 22 so that when the tool is pressed against the work as shown inFigure 1 of the drawing the collar 300 is in abutment with the front orstop surface of outer tube collar 51. In this position upon tiring ofthe tool recoil forces can be transmitted directly in a large measurethrough the collar 300 to the tube collar 51 and to the front housingtube 54 so as to enable the addition of the inertia of the mass of fronthousing including the tube 54 to assist in resisting the recoil forceswithout breakage of more delicate parts in the tool. For example, underextremely heavy duty operation the barrel 22 and breech lock or block 37move rearwardly under the recoil forces striking the tiring mechanismhousing 30 with impact. This impact force is then transmitted throughthe bayonet fitting or connection between housing 30 and the outer tubecollar 51 to put a recoil force on the front housing tube 54. Thistransmission of forces has been found to put the connection between thefront and rear housing under heavy stress which is likely to result inbreakage of the lugs 63 and 51b with a resultant danger ous andunexpected separation of the halves of the tool under extremely heavyduty operation. It will be evident that the recoil member 300 is adaptedto take the bull: of the recoil force so that the aforementioned lugs orother relatively delicate sections of the tool such as the interruptedthreads between the barrel 22 and the breech block 37 are not put underexcessive strain. As a result of this invention the capacity of thistype of tool is considerably extended to enable safe operation withheavy loads and large calibers.

Threaded mounting of the barrel stop collar 300 enables accuratepositioning of the collar with respect to the abutting or stop surfaceof the outer tube collar 51 to obtain the desired stress distribution atthe time of recoil of the barrel as shown in Figure 1. When properlypositioned collar 300 is locked on barrel 22 by any suitable means suchas set screw 302. Y

In operation, the tool is rst loaded in the position assumed when thehalves of the tool are separated pivotally 'as shown in Figure 6; Withthe projectible fastener 23b and the caltridge 23a emplaced in thebarrel, the breech receiver assembly is swung, pushed and turned intoengagement with the barrel receiver assembly as shown in Figure 1.Preparatory to ring the tool is then put into the ready-to-re positionshown in Figure 1 where the muzzle of the barrel is thrust into abutmentwith the work surface 25 while the tool casing, including the front andrear receivers, is telescoped forwardly or in the direction of themuzzle of the barrel placing the initiating parts of the tool into therelationship shown in Figure l. In this position the barrel 22 isretracted relative to the tool housing or casing, which is to say thecasing is disposed forwardly with respect to the barrel as it is pressedagainst the work. The tool operator in order to fire the tool then needonly pull the trigger 46 so as to release the ring pin 34. The resultantrecoil force is then redistributed by means of recoil collar 300 so thatthe peak forces in the housing parts of the tool can be more of acompressive nature rather than of a tensile nature, especially in thoseparts more likely to fail in tension than in compression such as thelugs 51b and 63. At least excessive peak stress distribution is avoided.

Upon completion of the driving operation, the operator need then merelyrelease the thrust upon the tool and by suitable rotation of the handle20 through an angle of about 45 followed by a longitudinal rearward pullput the barrel receiver assembly and the rear receiver assembly inposition for pivotal separation as shown in Figure 6. In the course ofthis movement, the longitudinal separation brings the extractor finger501 into operation so that when the tool is pivotally separated thecartridge 23a is extracted.

Since other embodiments and changes and modiiications of the embodimentdescribed within the spirit and scope of the invention may occur tothose skilled in the art, it is to be understood that this invention isnot to be limited except as set forth in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. An explosively actuated tool for driving a fastener and the likecomprising a barrel with a bore for ejecting said fastener and forcarrying an explosive power cartridge, a separable tool housing having afront portion and a rear portion carrying a firing means and releasablyengageable with said front portion, a breech block for releasableengagement with the breech of said barrel to permit loading and removalof said power cartridge, said block being carried in longitudinaltelescoping relationship with said rear portion, said barrel beingcarried in longitudinal telescoping relationship with said front housingportion movable over said barrel, said housing being movable forwardlywith respect to said barrel and block when they are interengaged as aunit for operable coaction of said cartridge and said tiring means, saidblock being abuttable against a surface of said rear portion, shouldermeans on said barrel for abutment of said shoulder means with said fronthousing portion when said engaged barrel and block are in position forengagement with the ring means, whereby recoil forces can be passed fromsaid barrel and block to the front of said housing directly.

2. The tool of claim 1 wherein said shoulder means is screw threadedlyadjustable on said barrel for propor tioning the transmittal of therecoil forces passed to the front housing portion.

3. The tool of claim 1 which includes a safety shield member forcoaction with the muzzle of the tool barrel, resilient means one end ofwhich acts on said member and urges it forwardly with respect to saidbarrel, barrel latch means mounted between said barrel and front housingportion for preventing relative movement of said housign with respect tosaid barrel and operable coaction of the cartridge and firing meansunless the shield member is in place and detected by said resilientmeans in which event the other end of said resilient means acts on oneend of said latch means while the other end of said latch means is inoperative abutment with a part of the front housing portion, andconnecting means between said latch means and portion for providing saidnecessary abutment, said connecting means beingof sutcient length andhaving suflcient spacing from said barrel to provide clearance forreceiving the shoulder means at and between the extremes of the relativetelescoping movement of the tool.

4. The tool of claim 3 wherein the connecting means is a tubular memberseparate from any part of the front housing portion.

5. In an explosively actuated tool for driving a fastener and the likehaving a cartridge receiving and fastener projecting barrel mounted in acoaxial housing portion, said barrel and housing being in telescopicallymovable relationship with respect toreach other, a breech blockinterengageable with said barrel and mounted in a breech closure housingportion movably mounted with respect to said other housing portion,means for interlocking said portions, and a recoil collar made fast onsaid barrel and adapted for abutment with a part of said rst housingLportion for receiving and directly passing at least a part of therecoil forces to said rst portion of the housing when said cartridge isred whereby excessive peak stress distribution in said housing portionsis substantially prevented.

6. The tool of cla-im 5 wherein the recoil collar is made fast to one ofsaid barrel and rst housing portion and is adapted for longitudinaladjustment thereon for abutment with a part of the other of said barreland first housing portion.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,645,772 Walker July 21, 1953

